4 kauj ruam ntawm casting yog dab tsi?

Cov txheej txheem casting yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm hlau uas koom nrog kev tsim cov khoom siv hlau los ntawm cov hlau molten rau hauv pwm. Cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom, los ntawm cov duab yooj yim mus rau qhov nyuaj. Cov txheej txheem casting feem ntau muaj plaub kauj ruam tseem ceeb: ua qauv, npaj pwm, casting, thiab ua tiav. Hauv phau ntawv qhia dav dav no, peb yuav tshawb xyuas txhua qhov ntawm cov kauj ruam no kom ntxaws.

1. Patternmaking:

Patternmaking yog thawj kauj ruam hauv cov txheej txheem casting thiab koom nrog tsim ib qho kev hloov pauv lossis qauv ntawm cov khoom siv hlau uas xav tau. Cov qauv ua tus qauv rau pwm thiab txiav txim siab qhov kawg cov duab, qhov ntev, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom cam khwb cia. Nov yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim qauv:

Tsim thiab xaiv cov khoom siv:Cov qauv no feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov ntoo, yas, lossis hlau, nyob ntawm seb cov yam ntxwv xws li qhov nyuaj ntawm cov duab, qhov xav tau precision, thiab hom kev siv cov txheej txheem casting.

Kev xav txog Shrinkage:Cov qauv feem ntau yog tsim los me ntsis loj dua cov khoom kawg kom suav rau qhov shrinkage uas tshwm sim thaum lub caij txias thiab solidification ntawm cov hlau molten.

Hom Qauv:Muaj ntau hom qauv, nrog rau cov qauv ib leeg, cov qauv sib cais, thiab cov qauv sib tw, nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem casting thiab qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov raug cam khwb cia.

Qauv Paub meej:Cov qauv yuav suav nrog cov yam ntxwv xws li cov cores (los tsim cov kab noj hniav sab hauv), cov kaum sab xis (los pab txhawb pwm tso tawm), thiab cov txheej txheem gating (kom tswj cov dej ntws ntawm cov hlau mus rau hauv pwm).

2. Kev npaj pwm:

Thaum tus qauv npaj txhij, cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog los tsim cov pwm. Cov pwm yog cov kab noj hniav hollow uas yuav txhais cov duab ntawm qhov kawg casting. Kev npaj pwm muaj ntau yam txheej txheem tseem ceeb:

Pwm Khoom:Pwm tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv, xws li xuab zeb, hlau, ceramics, thiab peev (ib qho sib xyaw ntawm plaster thiab xuab zeb). Kev xaiv cov khoom siv pwm nyob ntawm yam xws li hom hlau raug cam khwb cia thiab txheej txheem casting.

Pwm Cavity:Cov pwm yog tsim los ua kom haum rau cov duab thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov qauv. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev ntim lossis shaping cov khoom pwm nyob ib ncig ntawm tus qauv.

Cores:Rau qhov chaw nrog cov kab noj hniav, cores yog siv los tsim cov voids hauv pwm. Cov cores feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov xuab zeb lossis lwm yam khoom siv refractory.

Rooj vag thiab Risers:Gating systems, suav nrog sprues, runners, thiab rooj vag, yog tsim los tswj cov dej ntws ntawm cov hlau molten rau hauv pwm kab noj hniav. Risers yog reservoir ntawm molten hlau siv los pub lub casting thiab them rau shrinkage.

3. Casting:

Cov kauj ruam casting suav nrog cov hlau molten rau hauv cov pwm npaj los tsim cov duab uas xav tau. Nws yog ib theem tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem, thiab ntau yam yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tswj:

Melting:Cov khoom siv raw (feem ntau yog cov khoom seem hlau lossis hlau alloys) yog melted nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg ntawm qhov kub thiab txias uas txawv nyob ntawm seb hom hlau.

Ncuav:Cov hlau molten yog poured rau hauv pwm kab noj hniav los ntawm lub rooj vag system. Cov txheej txheem pouring kom zoo thiab tswj cov hlau kub yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ua tiav.

Solidification:Raws li cov hlau molten cools hauv pwm, nws solidifies thiab yuav siv sij hawm qhov zoo ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav. Solidification lub sij hawm yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb cov hlau thiab nws thickness.

Cua txias:Tom qab solidification, lub casting yog sab laug kom txias nyob rau hauv lub pwm kom txog thaum nws ncav cuag ib tug kub haum rau tuav.

4. Kev ua tiav:

Cov kauj ruam kawg hauv cov txheej txheem casting yog tiav, uas muaj ntau yam kev ua haujlwm tom qab casting los npaj cov casting rau nws qhov kev npaj siv. Cov txheej txheem kev ua tiav tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm hom casting, qhov xav tau nto tiav, thiab lwm yam ntxiv uas yuav tsum tau ua. Nov yog qee qhov kev ua tiav kev ua tiav:

Tshem tawm Casting:Lub casting yog ua tib zoo tshem tawm ntawm cov pwm, saib xyuas kom tsis txhob ua rau nws cov duab los yog nta.

Txiav thiab sib tsoo:Cov khoom siv ntau dhau, xws li lub rooj vag thiab cov risers, raug tshem tawm siv cov cuab yeej txiav thiab sib tsoo. Cov kauj ruam no xyuas kom meej tias cov casting ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj qhov ntev thiab qhov chaw tiav.

Kev kho cua sov:Qee qhov castings yuav raug kho cov txheej txheem kub, xws li annealing lossis tempering, los txhim kho lawv cov khoom siv kho tshuab lossis txo cov kev ntxhov siab.

Kev kho deg:Txoj kev kho deg, xws li txhaj tshuaj blasting, sandblasting, los yog txheej, yog siv los ua kom tiav qhov kev xav tau saum npoo los yog tiv thaiv corrosion.

Kev soj ntsuam zoo:Qhov kev ua tiav tiav ua tiav kev tshuaj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias nws ua tau raws li cov qauv kev cai, suav nrog qhov tseeb qhov tseeb thiab cov qauv kev ncaj ncees.

Machining thiab Assembly:Qee zaum, kev ua haujlwm ntxiv lossis kev sib dhos yog ua los npaj cov casting rau nws daim ntawv thov zaum kawg.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov txheej txheem casting yog ib tug series ntawm plaub kauj ruam tseem ceeb: patternmaking, pwm npaj, casting, thiab finishing. Cov kauj ruam no tau ua tiav zoo los tsim ntau yam khoom siv hlau, los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv mus rau qhov chaw lag luam loj. Kev ua tiav ntawm cov txheej txheem casting yog nyob ntawm kev ua tib zoo sib koom ua ke ntawm txhua kauj ruam, tus qauv tsim thiab kev npaj, thiab siv cov khoom tsim nyog thiab cov txheej txheem.