Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau cam txawv.

Cov cam khwb cia hlau yog cov hlau siv rau kev nrum hlau thiab yog ib hom ntawm casting alloy. Cam khwb cia hlau yog ib txoj kev rau kev lag luam tsim ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov khoom siv thiab ib txoj kev siv dav. Raws li cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm cov pa roj carbon sib txawv, cam khwb cia hlau tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom kev cam khwb cia hlau. Cov carbon cam khwb cia steel tau muab faib raws li cov ntsiab lus carbon: C≤0. 20% yog cov carbon cam khwb cia qis hlau; C0. {2 ～ 0. {{5}}% yog cov pa roj carbon nrab; C≥ 0.. {{5}}% yog cov pa roj carbon siab ntau. Cov cam khwb cia hlau muaj peev xwm raug faib ua ke raws li cov tshuaj lom neeg: carbon cam khwb cia hlau thiab alloy cam khwb cia hlau. Alloy hlau tau muab faib ua cov hlau me me tsis tshua muaj hlau thiab siab hlau alloy ua raws li cov ntsiab lus alloy. Hauv qab no yog kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm peb ntau yam ntawm cov cam khwb cia steel: tsawg-alloy steel, tshwj xeeb steel, thiab carbon hlau.

1. Nrum tsawg tsawg hauv cov hlau: cam khwb cia steel uas muaj cov ntsiab lus xws li manganese, chromium thiab tooj. Tag nrho tus nqi ntawm cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yog tsawg dua li 5%, uas muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj dua thiab tuaj yeem muab cov khoom zoo dua los ntawm kev kho cua sov. Cam khwb cia cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau muaj kev ua tau zoo dua li cov pa roj carbon steel, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab ua haujlwm pab lub neej.

2. Nrum cov hlau tshwj xeeb: cov hlau cam txhuas tsis tuaj yeem uas kho kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb. Muaj ntau ntau ntau yam, feem ntau muaj ib lossis ntau dua ntawm cov khoom zoo siab kom tau txais qee yam tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, siab dua manganese steel uas muaj 11% rau 14% manganese tuaj yeem tiv kev cuam tshuam kev hnav, thiab feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv cov coj-qhov chaw ntawm kev siv tshuab mining thiab engineering tshuab; ntau yam hlau ntxig nrog cov chromium lossis chromium-npib tsib xee raws li lub ntsiab cov khoom siv tau siv rau Cov Kev Ua Haujlwm raug ntsuas kub siab dua ℃, xws li li qub, twj, ntim rau cov lag luam chemical, lossis chav turbine cov tsev rau cov peev xwm loj uas muaj peev xwm.

3. Cov cam khwb cia carbon hlau: cam khwb cia steel nrog carbon raws li lub ntsiab alloy thiab muaj ib tug me me ntawm lwm yam ntsiab. Cov pa roj carbon cov hlau tsis muaj steel nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg dua 0. {{2}}%, ua qhov nruab nrab cov pa roj carbon hlau nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon 0. {{{2}}% rau 0. , casting cov pa roj carbon steel siab nrog carbon cov ntsiab lus ntau dua 0. 5%. Raws li cov ntsiab lus carbon ntau ntxiv, lub zog ntawm cov cam khwb cia carbon steel nce thiab qhov hardness nce. Cov cam khwb cia carbon steel muaj lub zog loj, plasticity thiab toughness, thiab tus nqi tsawg. Nws yog siv hauv kev siv tshuab hnyav rau kev tsim cov khoom uas muaj cov khoom thauj khoom hnyav, xws li dov zeb racks thiab hydraulic xovxwm puag. Nws yog siv los tsim kev nyuaj siab hnyav rau ntawm cov tsheb nqaj hlau qhov chaw uas muaj kev cuam tshuam xws li bolsters, sab thav ntawv, log thiab txuas txuas.

Tus nqi ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus alloy txiav txim qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov cam khwb cia steel thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cam khwb cia steel. Qhov ntau ntawm kev siv cov hlau cam khwb cia sib txawv kuj muaj qhov sib txawv, yog li nws tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau rau kev yuav khoom ua cov hlau cam. Tus neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum ua tib zoo to taub cov yam ntxwv thiab xaiv cov hlau kem kom them nqi.